建筑工程造價預結算分析
發布者：管理員 2019/5/20 14:21:17
根(gen)據現(xian)階(jie)段建筑(zhu)市場的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)，企業(ye)在做精做細的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)方(fang)向上要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)必須(xu)越來(lai)越高(gao)。所(suo)以工(gong)(gong)(gong)程造(zao)(zao)價的(de)(de)預(yu)(yu)結(jie)算(suan)審核工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)變成建筑(zhu)企業(ye)的(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。作(zuo)(zuo)為建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)一(yi)環(huan)，預(yu)(yu)結(jie)算(suan)對工(gong)(gong)(gong)程造(zao)(zao)價的(de)(de)影響就非常(chang)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)了(le)。因此對工(gong)(gong)(gong)程造(zao)(zao)價的(de)(de)預(yu)(yu)結(jie)算(suan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)要(yao)(yao)(yao)點進(jin)行分析與探(tan)究，對預(yu)(yu)結(jie)算(suan)的(de)(de)方(fang)法、原則、范疇等進(jin)行全面而充足的(de)(de)了(le)解(jie)，控制(zhi)好(hao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程造(zao)(zao)價，減(jian)少建筑(zhu)企業(ye)資金成本的(de)(de)浪費，使(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程質量得(de)到保證，促進(jin)經濟利益不斷提高(gao)。
1、建筑工程造價構成
建(jian)(jian)筑工程(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)包含工程(cheng)項(xiang)目直接費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)、間(jian)接費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)、計(ji)劃利潤以及稅(shui)(shui)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)等(deng)。其(qi)中，直接費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)主要(yao)是指(zhi)(zhi)工程(cheng)項(xiang)目施工各項(xiang)實體費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)及相關輔助建(jian)(jian)設(she)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)，比(bi)如設(she)備費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)、人工費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)、材料費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)、檢驗費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)等(deng)；間(jian)接費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)指(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)是工程(cheng)項(xiang)目施工管理和生(sheng)產活動(dong)所產生(sheng)的(de)(de)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)，包含差(cha)旅費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、管理費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、業(ye)務(wu)活動(dong)經費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)等(deng)；計(ji)劃利潤指(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)是結(jie)合我國相關規定需要(yao)納入建(jian)(jian)筑工程(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)的(de)(de)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)；稅(shui)(shui)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)是我國稅(shui)(shui)法規定所需要(yao)繳(jiao)納的(de)(de)費(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)，包含增值稅(shui)(shui)、營業(ye)稅(shui)(shui)、城市(shi)維(wei)護(hu)稅(shui)(shui)等(deng)。
2、施工圖預算的概念及其編制內容
施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)(tu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)是以施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)(tu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)文(wen)件(jian)(jian)為(wei)依據，按(an)照(zhao)規(gui)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)序(xu)、方法和依據，在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)費用(yong)進行的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)測與(yu)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)。施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)(tu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)果(guo)文(wen)件(jian)(jian)稱(cheng)(cheng)作施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)(tu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)書，也(ye)簡稱(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)(tu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)。施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)(tu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)由建設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)總(zong)(zong)(zong)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)、單(dan)(dan)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)綜(zong)(zong)合(he)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)和單(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)組成(cheng)(cheng)。建設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)總(zong)(zong)(zong)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)由單(dan)(dan)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)綜(zong)(zong)合(he)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)匯總(zong)(zong)(zong)而成(cheng)(cheng)，單(dan)(dan)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)綜(zong)(zong)合(he)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)由組成(cheng)(cheng)本單(dan)(dan)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)匯總(zong)(zong)(zong)而成(cheng)(cheng)，單(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)包括(kuo)建筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)和設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)及安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)文(wen)件(jian)(jian)包括(kuo)：封面、簽(qian)署(shu)頁及目(mu)(mu)錄、編制說明(ming)、總(zong)(zong)(zong)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)表(biao)、綜(zong)(zong)合(he)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)表(biao)、單(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)表(biao)、附件(jian)(jian)等(deng)內(nei)容(rong)。?按(an)照(zhao)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)文(wen)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不同，施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)(tu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)容(rong)有(you)所不同。建設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)總(zong)(zong)(zong)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)是反(fan)映施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)(tu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)階段建設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)投資總(zong)(zong)(zong)額的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)造價文(wen)件(jian)(jian)，是施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)(tu)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)文(wen)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)組成(cheng)(cheng)部分。由組成(cheng)(cheng)該建設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)個單(dan)(dan)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)綜(zong)(zong)合(he)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)和相(xiang)關費用(yong)組成(cheng)(cheng)。具(ju)體包括(kuo)：建筑安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)費、設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)及工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)器具(ju)購置費、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)其他費用(yong)、預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)備(bei)(bei)費、建設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)期(qi)利(li)息(xi)及鋪(pu)底流動(dong)資金。施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)(tu)總(zong)(zong)(zong)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)應控制在(zai)已(yi)批(pi)準的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)總(zong)(zong)(zong)概算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)投資范圍以內(nei)。單(dan)(dan)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)綜(zong)(zong)合(he)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)按(an)其工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)性(xing)質(zhi)分為(wei)一般土建工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)，給排水(shui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)，采暖(nuan)通風工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)，煤氣工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)，電氣照(zhao)明(ming)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)，弱(ruo)電工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)，特殊構筑物如(ru)煙窗、水(shui)塔(ta)等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)以及工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業管(guan)(guan)道(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)等(deng)。安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)是安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)各(ge)專(zhuan)業單(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總(zong)(zong)(zong)稱(cheng)(cheng)，安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)按(an)其工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)性(xing)質(zhi)分為(wei)機械設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)、電氣設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業管(guan)(guan)道(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)和熱力設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)預(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)算(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)等(deng)。
3、工程造價預算的有效控制措施
首先，做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)好(hao)工(gong)程造價預算編(bian)制工(gong)作；編(bian)制人員進行預算編(bian)制時需要對(dui)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)現(xian)場實(shi)際(ji)情況有詳細(xi)了解，對(dui)多個(ge)(ge)方面因(yin)素展開綜合(he)性分析考(kao)慮，做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)好(hao)各項準備工(gong)作。還需要熟(shu)練掌握各項材(cai)料數據(ju)，反復閱讀施(shi)(shi)工(gong)圖紙(zhi)(zhi)內容(rong)，明確施(shi)(shi)工(gong)設計意圖，在研究圖紙(zhi)(zhi)的基(ji)礎(chu)上熟(shu)悉整個(ge)(ge)工(gong)程施(shi)(shi)工(gong)，做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)好(hao)圖紙(zhi)(zhi)審(shen)核工(gong)作，使(shi)預算編(bian)制準確性得(de)到提升(sheng)，對(dui)預算編(bian)制分項進行細(xi)化，計算工(gong)程量，實(shi)現(xian)對(dui)預算編(bian)制控制水平的提升(sheng)。
其次，做好建筑(zhu)工(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)階(jie)段預算(suan)控制
建筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)階段資金消耗(hao)量(liang)最(zui)大(da)(da)，因(yin)此(ci)從施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)階段實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項目(mu)建設成本(ben)(ben)的(de)節約，就(jiu)顯得(de)尤(you)其(qi)的(de)重(zhong)要。對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)這一階段工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)如果(guo)沒有足夠重(zhong)視(shi)，就(jiu)容(rong)易出(chu)現(xian)(xian)增(zeng)加(jia)費用(yong)和提高(gao)生產(chan)成本(ben)(ben)情況(kuang)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)，所(suo)以對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)整個(ge)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)中工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)變(bian)化展開實(shi)(shi)(shi)時性把握，提高(gao)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)(xian)場管(guan)理(li)水平，督促施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)單位嚴(yan)(yan)格按(an)照圖紙(zhi)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，做(zuo)好各(ge)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)記錄(lu)，尤(you)其(qi)重(zhong)視(shi)隱(yin)蔽工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)記錄(lu)，避免在(zai)竣工(gong)(gong)(gong)結算(suan)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)扯皮等(deng)情況(kuang)，實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項目(mu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)建設損失的(de)有效(xiao)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)。實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)各(ge)個(ge)部(bu)分費用(yong)投(tou)入(ru)以及準(zhun)簽等(deng)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)管(guan)理(li)有效(xiao)性。嚴(yan)(yan)格控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)合(he)同費用(yong)，確保施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)費用(yong)正(zheng)常投(tou)入(ru)，在(zai)確保施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質量(liang)滿足要求的(de)前提下(xia)實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)投(tou)入(ru)的(de)有效(xiao)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)，取得(de)最(zui)佳施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)效(xiao)益。還應該控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)項目(mu)變(bian)更(geng)情況(kuang)的(de)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)，因(yin)為(wei)直(zhi)接關系到工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)預(yu)算(suan)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項目(mu)的(de)變(bian)更(geng)所(suo)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)應的(de)是成本(ben)(ben)的(de)增(zeng)加(jia)，造(zao)價(jia)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)員需要最(zui)大(da)(da)限度(du)降低工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)變(bian)更(geng)所(suo)帶來(lai)的(de)影響(xiang)。對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)項目(mu)變(bian)更(geng)影響(xiang)因(yin)素(su)有充分全(quan)面(mian)分析考慮，制(zhi)(zhi)定相應審(shen)(shen)批程(cheng)序(xu)，加(jia)大(da)(da)監督和審(shen)(shen)查(cha)環(huan)節管(guan)理(li)力度(du)，尤(you)其(qi)重(zhong)視(shi)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)超(chao)價(jia)和超(chao)量(liang)等(deng)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)審(shen)(shen)核。
4、建立健全工程造價結算審核工作
在(zai)(zai)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)核(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)付(fu)款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時候，需要(yao)根據合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求進(jin)行(xing)(xing)全面、仔細的(de)(de)(de)(de)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)核(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)，按照合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)付(fu)款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)比(bi)例、付(fu)款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)節點與(yu)(yu)(yu)付(fu)款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)方式來批付(fu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)，還(huan)應(ying)(ying)控制、審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)核(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)好設(she)計(ji)(ji)變更(geng)(geng)與(yu)(yu)(yu)現(xian)(xian)場簽證，防止變更(geng)(geng)與(yu)(yu)(yu)簽證工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)過于隨意。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)事中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)控制工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)也(ye)十分重(zhong)要(yao)，應(ying)(ying)加(jia)強對(dui)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)管理的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)視程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度，簽訂(ding)、談判、起草合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)等(deng)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)也(ye)應(ying)(ying)努力(li)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)好，盡可(ke)能(neng)使(shi)(shi)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)條款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)具(ju)有(you)全面性(xing)，奠(dian)定良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)算(suan)(suan)基礎。要(yao)想更(geng)(geng)好、更(geng)(geng)快地(di)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)預(yu)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)算(suan)(suan)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)核(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，應(ying)(ying)適(shi)當地(di)發(fa)揮計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)優勢和作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用，使(shi)(shi)預(yu)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)算(suan)(suan)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)核(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)得到(dao)(dao)提高(gao)。對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)而言，其影(ying)響(xiang)因素主要(yao)包含單價(jia)與(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)，如(ru)果(guo)使(shi)(shi)用人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方法對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)，不可(ke)避免地(di)會出現(xian)(xian)誤差。信息技術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大力(li)發(fa)展使(shi)(shi)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)得到(dao)(dao)廣泛普及(ji)，在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)預(yu)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)算(suan)(suan)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)核(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)利用計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)系統(tong)能(neng)夠最大限度地(di)減(jian)少工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)誤差，而且通(tong)過計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)能(neng)夠第一時間掌握相(xiang)關(guan)價(jia)格與(yu)(yu)(yu)最新(xin)標(biao)準等(deng)多種(zhong)(zhong)信息，使(shi)(shi)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)核(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)質(zhi)量(liang)與(yu)(yu)(yu)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)全面提高(gao)。做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)好結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)算(suan)(suan)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)核(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)也(ye)是(shi)十分重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，在(zai)(zai)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)算(suan)(suan)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)核(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)算(suan)(suan)和招投(tou)標(biao)文件條款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)、項目(mu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)能(neng)否吻合(he)(he)(he)是(shi)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)查(cha)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)點。同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)時，還(huan)要(yao)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)查(cha)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位所報送資料的(de)(de)(de)(de)完(wan)整性(xing)，費用計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)與(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)真實性(xing)，是(shi)否完(wan)全扣除掉施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)圖紙中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)沒有(you)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)項目(mu)，是(shi)否存在(zai)(zai)領用的(de)(de)(de)(de)甲(jia)供(gong)(gong)材料出現(xian)(xian)欠供(gong)(gong)與(yu)(yu)(yu)超供(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)象，是(shi)否按照規定對(dui)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)(xian)場中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)配合(he)(he)(he)費用進(jin)行(xing)(xing)計(ji)(ji)算(suan)(suan)等(deng)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)變更(geng)(geng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)核(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)重(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)之重(zhong)。總而言之，做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)好工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)預(yu)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)算(suan)(suan)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)核(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)具(ju)有(you)十分重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)意義。審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)核(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)人(ren)員在(zai)(zai)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)預(yu)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)算(suan)(suan)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)核(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)時，應(ying)(ying)熟(shu)悉預(yu)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)算(suan)(suan)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)核(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)內容，遵(zun)循審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)核(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)步驟，并掌握付(fu)款(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)核(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、輔助審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)核(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、清單審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)核(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)算(suan)(suan)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)核(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)、人(ren)員素質(zhi)等(deng)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)核(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)要(yao)點，從而能(neng)夠選取科學的(de)(de)(de)(de)預(yu)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)算(suan)(suan)審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)核(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)方式，努力(li)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)好工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)各(ge)方面審(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)核(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，使(shi)(shi)預(yu)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)算(suan)(suan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)實用性(xing)與(yu)(yu)(yu)高(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)性(xing)得到(dao)(dao)保證，推動企(qi)業(ye)又(you)好又(you)快發(fa)展。
建筑工(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價預算(suan)(suan)控制在(zai)(zai)建筑項目(mu)(mu)預算(suan)(suan)管理方面有重要價值和(he)作用，能夠使工(gong)程(cheng)項目(mu)(mu)社會效益和(he)經(jing)濟效益明顯提高，更好地實(shi)現項目(mu)(mu)預期建設目(mu)(mu)標。因此(ci)，需(xu)要在(zai)(zai)建筑工(gong)程(cheng)項目(mu)(mu)實(shi)踐中展開探索和(he)研(yan)究，找(zhao)到其中存在(zai)(zai)的(de)問題(ti)，給予針對(dui)性的(de)解決和(he)優化措(cuo)施，提高建筑工(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價預算(suan)(suan)科(ke)學性和(he)合理性，維持建筑工(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價管理的(de)持續穩定發展。
